Initial margin
Initial margin is the collateral required to open a position. With leverage, it is only a fraction of the position's total size.
Maintenance & liquidation
If losses erode your collateral below the maintenance level, the position is liquidated — closed automatically so it cannot go negative.
Managing margin
Lower leverage and extra collateral both give a position more room to survive volatility. Keeping a buffer is how traders avoid being liquidated on a temporary swing.